Rocky and sandy coasts all round Malaya. Tropical Asia to N. Australia and Pacific. Up to 30m. Leaves crowded at end of twigs, spiral, brilliant red before falling twice a year, fruits ripen yellow with inner corky wall for flotation.
Terminalia calamansanay jelawai mentalun
Indo-china, Siam, Burma, Malesia, Solomons. Common in Kedah and Langkawi. Large trees to 30m, flat topped crown, bole frequently fluted, buttresses tall, thin, spreading. Flowers sessile, cream on hairy spikes. Fruits two winged.
Terminalia subspathulata jelawei
From Perak south, big tree, tall spreading buttresses, small leaf blade obovate & bluntly tipped. Fruit flat, spindle shaped and winged.
Malay peninsula, Burma. Edible fruit, dried segments used as condiment. Leaf sap used in post natal tonics.
Garcinia cowa kandis
NW India to Malaya. Slender tree to 30m, common in low undulating country. Young red leaves edible, fruits ripening dull orange yellow, seeds embedded in pale orange pulp.
Garcinia hombroniana bruas
Around Malayan coast and islands up to a few miles inland. Inland in lowland Kedah, Ulu Perak & Pahang, and in lower montane forest in Frasers Hill, Cameron Highlands.
Garcinia nervosa kandis
Malaya, Sumatra, Rhiau, Borneo, Philippines. Scattered in Malaya, uncommon. Flowers in big clusters, fruit pear to round, seeds red with thin white flesh. ‘By far the noblest species of the genus’, J.D. Hooker.
Garcinia parvifolia kandis
Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo. Sm – med, monopodial, dense, leaves without stipules. Saplings often w/ linear leaves unlike adult form. Lat. small leaf. Fruit round-elongate, ungrooved, sm. seeds embedded in much pulp. Common.
Garcinia prainiana cherupu, kechupu, menchupu
Sm. tree to 10m, crown narrow, dense, bushy. Scattered and uncommon in lowland forest south to NS. Sometimes cult., fruits yearly. Fruit 4cm across, bun like, smooth ripening yellow. Seeds embedded in sweet or sour pale orange pulp.
Shrub or tree to 33m. Two spp in Malesia, one in New Guinea and Moluku, this in Malaya, Sumatra & Borneo. Lowlands, river bank, peat swamp. Small fruits 1cm, ripen pink. 1 fr TH 11.09.
Large genus mostly tropical Asia to Pacific; in Malaya 45 spp. Canopy, but not emergent, and mostly slim girth. This sp. common throughout Malaya except Perlis, on hillsides and ridges.
Calophyllum floribundum bintangorkuning
Large genus of more than 120 species; mostly in tropical Asia. This one is common throughout Malay and Borneo.
Calophyllum inophyllum bintangor laut
Big tree, massive girth, often leaning, branching low. Rocky and sandy coasts, widespread, a member of the Indo Pacific strand flora, ranging from India to Fiji.
Calophyllum macrocarpum bintangor bunut
Large genus mostly tropical Asia to Pacific; in Malaya 45 spp. Throughout Malaya, commonest in centre. Borneo. This sp. v. big, to 45m and 5m girth, no buttresses. Squirrels eat the large, ellipsoid- ovoid, juicy & fragrant fruit.
Calophyllum retusum bintangor gambut
Endemic, Pahang, Selangor, southwards. Peat and fresh water swamp forest. Big tree to 50m, no buttresses, leaf stalk long & slender, midrib narrowly channeled at base above, prominent below.
Calophyllum sclerophyllum bintangor jangkang
Malaya, Borneo. Coastal, Trengganu to Johor; these from Pekan FR. Big tree, often w/stilt roots, twigs stout 4 angles, leaf stalk dries black, very leathery.
Calophyllum sp. bintangor
Large genus of 120 spp, most in tropical Asia to Pacific, 45 in Malaya, this one not yet described. Leaves distinctly stalked, fruit a drupe. 3 new specimens Dec 2007.
Borneo. Trengganu, Perak southwards. To 33m, but flowers at 3m. Bark smooth becomes cracked and fissured, ridges adherent scaly. Flowers tight terminal clusters. Fruit in 4 thin woody sepals.
Sumatra, Malaya (exc. north). Lowland. Small, to 20m, bole fluted at butt, bark adherent scaly, sometimes dippled. Flowers in axillary and terminal umbels, black woody fruits. Stout leaf stalk, to 5mm. 2 new specimens June 2008.
Mesua ferrea penaga
SW India to peninsula Siam. Throughout Malaya, but rare south of NS. To 24 m, 4m grith. Common and sometimes gregarious, on thin well drained soil. Bole fluted at butt. Leaves elliptic (6-12cm long) tapered to apex and base. White flowers fragrant, showy to 9cm across. Fruits ellipsoid, slightly beaked.
Sumatra, Indo-China, Borneo, Java. Commonest Canarium from all states. Up to 40m and 2m girth. Bark grey green to yellowish brown, dippled and scaly, many small lenticles.
Dacryodes kingii
kedondong
Throughout Malaya, common, endemic. Small tree or large shrub in lowland and hill Dipterocarp forest. Name from Greek, dakruon, a tear, referring to resin droplets on bark surface. Located NW of Bulatan Plong.
Dacryodes rostrata kedondong kerut
Indo-china, Indonesia. All states exc. Kelantan. 12 spp. in Malaya, in lowland and hill Dipterocarp forests, & swamp. Large tree w/small buttresses. Leaf rachis strongly swollen at junction with leaf stalk; flowers Mar-Oct, fruits Sep-Mar. Leaflets rigidly papery.
Medium to large trees. Bole dark brown , smooth with pale lenticels in perpendicular rows. Leaves without stipules, obovate, flowers bright yellow in many branched panicles. Fruit flat, winged. In Pasoh FR, found in swampy habitat.
Bombax valetonii (Gr., bombux – silk) wild kapok, kekabu hutan
Frequent in forest north of KL. Deciduous with thorny trunks & twigs; leaves palmate spiral, flowers Nov-Feb before new leaves; fruit large capsule full of down, used as kapok. To 45m.
India to New Caledonia. Tree of swampy low ground adjoining rice fields and mangroves, especially in Perlis and n. Kedah. Evergreen to 24 m, but generally smaller. Opposite leaves once pinnate with terminal leaflet. White fragrant flowers with long pipe-like corolla tube. Fruit to 45 cm long, curved, green to brown. Many seeds with thin corky wings.
