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Ailanthus triphysa

Tropical and sub tropical. From Turkestan to NSW. 2 spp in Malaya,
both rare. Tall dioecious trees. Resin used for incense & for
medicine, Bark and leaves for tonic after child birth, and used as
febrifuge. This sp distinguished by glands scattered under leaflet.

Lepisanthes alata

Java, Borneo, Philippines. Small trees, twigs glabrous, rachis distinctly winged (Lat. alata). Mainly cultivated in villages on east coast.

Lepisanthes rubiginosa
kelat layu, mertajam

Small white fragrant flowers, fruit ripening from yellow, red, purple,
to black. Common in K. Baru.

Mischocarpus sundaicus

sugi

Common on sandy coasts, islands & estuaries or coastal swamps. India to Australia. Small tree to 6m, bushy crown. Young leaves pinkish and edible. Fr Tunas Harapan 6.2012.

Nephelium costatum Hiern

Endemic, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, NS & Melaka.  3-4 prs leaflets glabrous under.  Fr TH 6.2012

Nephelium juglandifolium

rambutan hutan, rambutan pachat

Sumatra, Java, Malaya. Lowland forest.To 30m tall, 3-7 prs leaflets. Fruits slightly flattened ellipsoid. Lat. leaves like the walnut Juglands.

Nephelium mutabile

pulasan

Like rambutan, but leaflets narrower, dark glossy green above, pale
& glaucous beneath. Crimson to purple fruit with blunt fleshy
spines. Pulp pale yellow, separates cleanly from seed.

Pometia pinnata
kasai

Sri Lanka, Andamans, S. China. Malesia. Leaf margins dentate, every
other secondary nerve ending in a tooth. Spreading crown. Three forms
recognised, edible fruits, young red foliage.

Pometia ridleyi

kasia daun licin

Malaya, Sumatra. Perak, Pahang, NS, Selangor. Large trees to 50 m. Boles with 2 m buttresses, bark dippled brown. Primary forests, hill slopes, by streams. Leaf secondary veins sunken above, looping up without ending at the margins under.

Xerospermum laevigatum Radlk.

rambutan pacat, gong

Burma, Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo. Lat. smooth. Syn. with X. acuminatum Radlk. Lowland forest. To 30m, leaflets opposite, monoecious. Flesh around seed is edible, pulped stone/leaves are used to alleviate stomach ache.1 from TH 11/09.

Xeropspermum noronhianum Bl.

rambutan pacat, kikir buntal

2 spp, Bangladesh-Indo China.  Common in low lying forest in Malaya. To 25m, leaves w/1/2/3 prs opposite leaflets; flat glands above axis of veins or scattered over leaf. Fruit yellow. 2 specimens June 2008.

Flacourtia rukam
Previously family Flacourtiaceae
rukam

Difficult family to define because of minute variations in flower structure. Scattered throughout Malaya in rain forest, occasionally cultivated. Fruits edible, made more palatable by rubbing between the hands, but best cooked.

Atalantia monophylla

merlimau, limau hantu

India, Burma, Siam, Malaya. Common on rocky and sandy coasts from
Penang northward and all east coast. Thorns and notched leaf tip distinguish
it from Suregada sp. In habit looks much like Citrus, leaves
standing obliquely erect.

Burkillanthus malaccensis

I H Burkill, 1870- 1965, director Singapore Botanic Gardens. Small tree to 12m, one sp in Malaya & Sumatra. Large fruits, thin peel rough with oil glands. Fr Rimba Ilmu 2011.

Citrus aurantiifolia var. microcarpa

limau kasturi

Up to 4m. small fruits used for juice. These planted in memory of
Hj. Kasturi Hj. Idris.

Citrus hystrix

limau purut

Leaf blade 1 -2″ long, almost as wide, slightly toothed: leaf
stalk widely winged, as to appear like the other half of a blade divided
in two. Fruit has wrinkled skin, used for ritual bathing. Rind used
in ubat jamu to drive away evil spirits, worms in children and headache.
Leaf an essential ingredient in cooking.

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Citrus sp.

limau purut

This unidentified hybrid is more hardy than the common limau purut,
but retains the strong pungency of leaves and fruit, and produces
excellent juice.

Clausena excavata
semeruIndia, S. China, Malesia, common especially to north and at edge of
forest. Small tree, laxly branched and spreading, branches ending
in tassels of long slender leaves. Crushed twigs have a nauseous smell
of resin & lime, loose bunches of pink or whitish berries.

Glycosmis pentaphylla
kemotak, kenapehCommon village shrub from Perak & Kuantan to north. Sprawling
evergreen, crushed leaves smell lemony. Small white flowers, axillary
panicles. Fruit edible & sweet but resinous.

Limonia acidissima

belinggai, gelinggai

India, Burma. Common in Perlis villages, needs monsoonal climate to
fruit, slow growth and fruiting, brown pulp edible but resinous.

Triphasia trifolia

limau kingkip, bird lime

Philippines, China? Indifferent fruit, but used to be boiled by Malays
in sugar syrup. Useful small timber, good for hedging.

Aidia wallichiana

menterbang

Malaya, Andamans, Sumatra, Borneo. Througout Malaya, lowland to mountain forest, also on limestone. Showy fragrant inflorescence. Two planted on corners of plaza 07.

Anthocephalus chinensis
kelempayan,
kelampai

Deciduous monopodial to 30m, stiff outstanding limbs, drooping at ends. Common in secondary forest & on river banks. Branches in alternating pairs like mangosteen. Minute seeds, <1mm. Flowers in stalked round bur-like heads, but each flower separate from others.

Gardenia carinata
mentiong Kedah

Thailand, throughout Malaya, common in north. Small tree to 15m. Leaves obovate, lower surface hairy. Flowers solitary or clustered, calyx tube shields a third of the corolla tube.

Gardenia pterocalyx

mentiong

Small tree found in swampy habitat, at Tasek Bera, gelam forest in Trengganu and at G. Ulu Kali. Calyx tube with 7-10 narrow wings, fruits with wings down from calyx cup.

Gardenia tubifera
mentiong

Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Thailand. Throughout Malaya in lowland and hill forests. Terminalian branching, shoots often resinous. Flowers solitary, calyx tube truncate, corolla tube length variable, opens white turning orange. Fruits split to expose seeds in orange pulp.

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Ixora scortechinii

pecah periok/piring/pasu, jenjarum

120 spp, generally tropical, 20 spp in Malaya. Flowers in clusters at branch ends, long corolla tube, 4 spreading petals. Attracts butterflies. 2 new specimens December 2007.

Timonius wallichianus

triang, silver timon

Sumatra, Banka, Riouw, Anambas. In secondary lowland forest up to 500m. Lower leaf surface completely covered by silvery appressed hairs. Flowers unisexual, plants dioecious. 160 spp from Sri Lanka to Pacific, 14 spp in Malaya.

Xanthophyllum sp.
minyak berok

Genus of about 60 spp., from India to Solomon Islands; W. Malesia development epicentre for genus. 21spp. in Malaya, inland in primary forest, fairly common in understorey. Flowers infrequently, possibly triggered by dry periods.