Barringtonia racemosa
putat
Throughout Malesia. Malaya exc. Perlis. Coastal, or along rivers.
Bole and crown often gnarled. Leaf margin serrate-crenate (toothed-wavy),
flowers showy, fluffy w/ stamens. Fruit ovoid.
Family Lecythidaceae
Author: admin
Family Lauraceae
Actinodaphne macrophylla
medang payong
Malayan lowland to mountain forests; very common at Frasers Hill. Java. Twigs reddish brown hairs, leaves in whorls of 6-12, reddish brown hairy below.
Actinodaphne sesquipedalis
medang paying, pedalis
Tenasserim to Borneo. Widely found thru Malaya. Leaf under yellowish brown hairy, apex usually pointed. Fruits poisonous?
1 from Elango 6/08
Cinnamomum mollissium
medang wangi
Endemic, common, except in Kedah and Perlis. All species have aromatic crushed leaves, this one distinguished by hairy leaves and twigs.
Cinnamomum verum
kayu manis, cinnamon
India. Cooking spice. Roots treat rheumatism and fever. The tree bark is used in many medicinal powders and tinctures, tonics for diarrhea and colic.
Litsea castanea
medang
About 400spp., thru tropics, except Africa. In Malaya, 54 spp. Sumatra, Borneo, Java. Common in Kota Baru and widely distributed. Tall tree, to 33m, bole with spreading thin buttresses to 1m ht. frequently coppiced for construction material. Bark reddish, smooth with horizontal rings. Large leaves, completely deciduous in the north.
Litsea myristicaefolia
medang asam, medang baros, medang kelaya
Widely distributed from mountain to lowland forests, Burma to Singapore. Leaves alternate,
spirally arranged, midrib sunken above. Flower clusters from leaf axils, fruits 1cm globose white with green perianth cup.
1 fr TH 11.09
Litsea robusta
medang
About 400spp., thru the tropics except Africa. In Malaya, 54 spp. Burma, Java. Tall, to 36m, bark fawn smooth w/many corky lenticels. Leaves spirally arranged, uncommon, on low hills by streams. Acorn hemisphere, green ripening blue.
Litsea sp.
medang
2 new specimens June 2008.
Family Lamiaceae
Clerodendrum bungei (Previously Clerodendron bungei in Family Verbenaceae)
China. Cultivated. Many tropical species from this genera are attributed with spiritual & magical properties.
Clerodendrum fragrans (Previously Clerodendron fragrans in Family Verbenaceae)
popkok rabu kambang, exhilaration tree
China. Used by Malays for rheumatism and ague, or with other substances for treating skin diseases.
Clerodendrum paniculatum (Previously Clerodendron paniculatum in Family Verbenaceae)
panggil panggil
Burma, s. China to Java, but not known in the wild. Summons spirits. One of the plants used to sprinkle tepung tawar in weddings, blessing fish stakes & ‘in the taking of the rice-soul’ (Burkill). Infusion is purgative. Elephant medicine, to protect them from harm.
Peronema canescens
(Previously in Family Verbenaceae)
sungkai
Malaya, Sumatra, Java, Borneo. Common in secondary forest and near rivers and clearings in primary forest. Small tree. Compound leaves increase in size from basal pair upwards, leaflets sessile, young leaves rich purple.
Premna foetida
(Previously in Family Verbenaceae)
buas buas
Malay peninsula, Java, Borneo. Straggling shrub, twigs and stalks finely hairy. Coastal forests, used to treat fever, asthma.
Tectona grandis
(Previously in Family Verbenaceae)
jati
India, Siam, W. Malesia to the Philippines, not wild in Malaya. Large deciduous tree, prefers open monsoon forest where a dormant period is forced by dry weather. Flowering and fruiting after new leaves emerge with wet weather.
Family Irvingiaceae
Irvingia malayana
pauh kijang
Medium to large tree, very hard wood, with steep plank buttresses
up to 6m high. Locally common in Selangor and Malacca. Fruit resembles mango (pauh), apparently eaten by barking deer (kijang).
Family Hypericaceae
Cratoxylum arborescens
geronggang
Common except Perlis and Kedah. Burma, Sumatra, Borneo. Seasonal flowering, once or twice a year after dry weather. Greek name: kratos (strength) xulon (wood).
Cratoxylum cochinchinense
derum seluncur,
mampat
Malesia. Throughout Malaya. A variable sp. with two extremes, shrub or a large tree, ornamental. Flowers dark red to pink, bark smooth light buff, peeling off in pieces or strips as in Tristania (pelawan).
Cratoxylum formosum
mempat
Indochina, w. Malesia, Philippines. Common through Malaysia in belukar or forest. Like almond blossom, flowers after leaves fall. Flowers borne in axils of old leaves.
Family Hamamelidaceae
Maingaya malayana
Named for A.C. Maingay (1836-69) sometime gaoler at Malacca.
Endemic to Penang Hill, Perak (Gg. Bubu) to elev. 600m., only 10 collections, all 19th century except one in 1971. Leaves entire, pinnately nerved; flowers bisexual, dense round yellow heads.
This specimen from Mr. H. Barlow, c. 1995.
Rhodoleia championii
kerlik
Large shrub/tree to 20m. Showy flower heads, to
15mm across, red petals; fruit to 2cm. Malaya,
esp lowlands of Selangor, on quartz dykes at
Klang Gates. Attracts birds & bees. 1 fr TH 11.09.
Family Poaceae
Gigantochloa scortechinii
buluh galah/minyak/semantan/telor
Thailand, Malaya, all states. Culm sheaths green base, intense orange
at top, covered with irritant hairs. To 20m. Rare in primary forest,
common at margins. Uses handicrafts, chopsticks, skewers. Gr. gigantos
huge, chloa grass.
Family Gnetaceae
Gnetum gnemon
belinjau, meninjau
Cultivated, seasonal, most likely introduced from eastern Indonesia.
Fruit edible, seed roasted, flattened, dried and fried for empeng
crackers.
Family Gentianaceae
Fagraea crenulata
malabera
W. coast, in swampy ground. Med tree to 23m, 1.5m girth, crown big
leafed, open, flat topped with stiff spreading branches. Minutely
toothed leaves. Terminal inflorescence, cream flowers, corolla thick,
stamens not projecting from tube.
Fagraea fragrans
tembusu padang
Lwr. Burma, Malesia to New Guinea. In open and swampy lowlands. To
30m, terminalia branches have upturned ends. Irregular fissured bark.
Fine leafed crown, conical when young. White fragrant flowers 4 months
after dry season, then red berries, seeds dispersed by bats.
Fagraea racemosa
kopi kopi
Malesia to northern Australia, Solomon Islands. Shrub to small tree, or straggling climber. Frequent in secondary forests, sometimes in wet places.
Family Fagaceae
Castanopsis inermis
berangan
All states except Malacca. Sumatra. Fruit can be eaten after cooking. The flowers smell of rancid fat like those of wild cinnamon, their nectar attracting many insects.
Castanopsis megacarpa
gertak tangga
Common in lowlands of Malaya, except for Penang, Perlis. Borneo. Malay name from the creaking
of the house ladder, when one has been so unfortunate to have eaten
the chestnut-like but poisonous fruit. Med tree to 25m, bole hooped, buttresses rare. Stipule acorn shaped, cupules to 3″ dia covered w/close branching spines.
Lithocarpus eichleri
mempening
Perak, Selangor, Johor. Sumatra. Often in swamps. Rare. 8-15 pairs secondary nerves, tertiaries ladder like. Cupule saucer shaped.
Fr Tunas Harapan 6.2012.
Lithocarpus elegans
mempening
India, Indo-China, Malesia. Wide ranging, variable sp., shiny fawn
leaves, glabrous, same colour on both sides. Common on degraded sites.
Distinct from Quercus by erect spikes, thick leaf stalk, entire leaf
margins.
Lithocarpus lucidus
mempening
Sumatra, Borneo, all states Malaya. Common. Lat. fr. shiny acorns
and leaves. Big tree to 50m, bole often fluted, plank buttresses.
Big acorns.
Lithocarpus maingayi
mempening
Endemic in Malaya, in hill forest above 1,000 ft. Cupule completely encloses fruit. Fr Tunas Harapan 6.2012
Lithocarpus rassa
rasa
Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo. To 25m, but shorter with increasing altitude. Leaf blade 1-5″ long; fruit spikes up to 3″ long; cup half inch wide, broader than long. From mountains to coast.
Lithocarpus wallichianus
mempening
Gr. lithos-stone, carpos-fruit. Big tree, Peninsula Siam, Malaya, Sumatra. Flat cup shaped fruit encases acorn. Distinguished from Quercus by erect spikes, leaf stalk thickening, entire leaf margins, bisexual inflorescences.
Quercus gemelliflora
mempening
Lat. oak. Sumatra, Borneo, Malaya exc. Perlis. Terminal buds in rows of scales, leaves spiral margin toothed, esp. towards apex. 400 spp. in tropics and north temp., Malaya 8 spp. This sp. underside of leaves glabrous. Tree to 30m. Bole oft. fluted & hooped. 2m buttresses steep & thick.
Quercus spp.
mempening
Oak, 400spp world wide, 8 in Malaya where they are forest trees that seldom reach the canopy. Distinguished by acorns.
