Author: admin

Elaeocarpus mastersii
mendong

About 200 spp., Indo- Pacific, 27 in Malaya. Shrub or small tree, common throughout Malaya in secondary and primary forests.

Elaeocarpus stipularis
mendong, medang kelawar

Burma to Indo-China, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Bali. Med. tree to 30m, 2m girth, sm. buttresses. V. common in secondary and primary forests fr. seasonal swamps to 1,200m. Lat. having stipules.

Elaeocarpus sp.
mendong

About 200 spp., Indo- Pacific, 27 in Malaya. Shrub or small tree, common throughout Malaya in secondary and primary forests.

Diospyros confertiflora
kayu arang

Malaya, Borneo, Sumatra, Bangka. Medium tree to 27m and 1.3m girth. Separate male and female flowers, fruit a berry with fibrous to fleshy pericarp, ovoid and curved to one side.

Diospyros diepenhorstii
kayu arang

Malaya, Thailand, Borneo, Sumatra, Philippines. Uncommon, scattered in lowland forest. Small tree to 17m. Separate male and female flowers, fruit a berry with fibrous to fleshy pericarp.

Diospyros discolor

buah mentega

Native to Philippines. Twigs velvety, Occasionally cultivated in Malaya
for edible fruits. Separate male and female flowers, fruit a berry
with fibrous to fleshy pericarp. (Lat. having many colours).

Diospyros sp.

kayu arang, buey, tuba buah

70 spp. in Malaya, in all habitats exc. mangroves. An extraordinary 22 spp. endemic, this one not yet described. Fruits of several used as fish poison.

Diospyros sp (ismailii?)

kayu arang, buey, tuba buah

Trees without latex, black bark; terminalia like Myristicaceae, but no red sap in bark. >70 spp in Malaya, many endemic. Some w edible fruit, berry w fibrous-fleshy pericarp.

Diospyros ‘kluang’

kayu arang, buey, tuba buah

70 spp. in Malaya, in all habitats exc. mangroves. An extraordinary 22 spp endemic, this sp. as yet undescribed. Fruits of several used as fish poison.

Dillenia grandifolia

simpoh

Ten species in Malaya. Cut wood hisses loudly, twigs leave prominent horse-shoe shaped leaf scars. Large tree, deciduous after dry weather, buttresses merge into stilts. Flowers without petals. All states but Perlis. Sumatra, Borneo.

Dillenia philippinensis

simpoh

Philippines. (J.J. Dillenius, 1684-1747, German botanist, professor at Oxford). Flowers large, solitary, petals falling first day, fruit covered by thick fleshy edible sepals that make cough syrup & shampoo. Bark yields a red dye.

Dillenia reticulata
simpoh gajah

Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo. To 40m ht & 3m girth. Flowers, 7cm, at end of leafless twig or with new leaves, petals yellow. Leaf base broadly tapering to round or heart shaped; 16-45 prs secondary nerves & fine tertiary network, raised on under surface, covered with velvety hairs.

Dillenia suffruticosa
simpoh air

Large evergreen shrub to 7m, often forming thickets. Common in secondary forests, esp. swampy ground, most in the south. Flowers continuously, each open for just a day. Fruit ripe in 36 days.

Dillenia sp.

simpoh

Ten species in Malaya. Bark rich orange brown, large white flowers, edible fruits, dispersed by elephants or water. From India to W. Malesia, often near streams.

Alangium kurzii
mentulang

Burma to Java, Indo China, China. From Kedah to NS, only west coast, to 15m w/ short buttresses. Lowland forest. Soft dense tomentum under leaf. One genus family in Old World tropics, temperate Asia to Aust. 7spp. in Malaya of 21 total.

Alangium ridleyi
mentulang daun lebar

Endemic. All states exc. Kelantan and Johor, big tree to 40m and 2m girth. Flower calyx deeply ridged, petals fleshy if fresh, fruits ovoid with 12 ridges, seeds with white translucent juicy aril.

Nageia motleyi
podo kebal musang gunung

From E India through Malesia. Highlands, not common, solitary. To 40m straight no buttresses. Terminal bud conical, pointed. Leaves in 2 ranks, opposite or sub-opp.

Terminalia catappa
jelawai ketapang

Rocky and sandy coasts all round Malaya. Tropical Asia to N. Australia
and Pacific. Up to 30m. Leaves crowded at end of twigs, spiral, brilliant
red before falling twice a year, fruits ripen yellow with inner corky
wall for flotation.

Terminalia calamansanay
jelawai mentalun

Indo-china, Siam, Burma, Malesia, Solomons. Common in Kedah and Langkawi. Large trees to 30m, flat topped crown, bole frequently fluted, buttresses tall, thin, spreading. Flowers sessile, cream on hairy spikes. Fruits two winged.

Terminalia subspathulata
jelawei

From Perak south, big tree, tall spreading buttresses, small leaf blade obovate & bluntly tipped. Fruit flat, spindle shaped and winged.

Garcinia atroviridis
assam gelugor

Malay peninsula, Burma. Edible fruit, dried segments used as condiment. Leaf sap used in post natal tonics.

Garcinia cowa
kandis

NW India to Malaya. Slender tree to 30m, common in low undulating country. Young red leaves edible, fruits ripening dull orange yellow, seeds embedded in pale orange pulp.

Garcinia hombroniana
bruas

Around Malayan coast and islands up to a few miles inland. Inland
in lowland Kedah, Ulu Perak & Pahang, and in lower montane forest in Frasers Hill, Cameron Highlands.

Garcinia nervosa
kandis

Malaya, Sumatra, Rhiau, Borneo, Philippines. Scattered in Malaya, uncommon. Flowers in big clusters, fruit pear to round, seeds red with thin white flesh. ‘By far the noblest species of the genus’, J.D. Hooker.

Garcinia parvifolia
kandis

Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo. Sm – med, monopodial, dense, leaves without stipules. Saplings often w/ linear leaves unlike adult form. Lat. small leaf. Fruit round-elongate, ungrooved, sm. seeds embedded in much pulp. Common.

Garcinia prainiana
cherupu, kechupu,
menchupu

Sm. tree to 10m, crown narrow, dense, bushy. Scattered and uncommon in lowland forest south to NS. Sometimes cult., fruits yearly. Fruit 4cm across, bun like, smooth ripening yellow. Seeds embedded in sweet or sour pale orange pulp.

Bhesa paniculata
biku biku

S. India to Philippines. One of most widespread trees in Malaya. Up
to 40m tall and 2m girth.